Location:

Poland, a southern suburb of Kraków

Original use:

Constructed by Nazis on the grounds of two former Jewish cemeteries as a forced labor camp (converted to an extermination camp in 1944)

Operational:

October 1942 – January 1945

Operated by:

German Schutzstaffel (SS)

Commandants:

SS Unterscarführer Horst Pilarzik
(1942)

SS Oberscharführer Franz Müller
(1942 – February 1943)

SS Hauptsturmführer Amon Göth
(February 1943 – September 1944)

Estimated deaths:

80,000; mainly Jews from the Kraków ghetto

Liberated:

Prisoners were led on a death march to Auschwitz in January 1945, and remaining staff completely dismantled the camp, leaving an empty field for the arriving Red Army

Of note:

This was the camp which the movie Schindler's List was based on, from where German Oskar Schindler saved roughly 1,000 Jews using his own money