Bergen-Belsen photos
Buchenwald
Location: | Etter Mountain near Weimar, Germany |
Original use: | Constructed by Nazis in 1937 |
Operational: | July 1937 - April 1945 |
Operated by: | German Schutzstaffel (SS); the NKVD (after WWII) |
Commandants: | SS Sturmbannführer Jacob Weiseborn |
SS Obersturmbannführer Karl Otto Koch |
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SS Standartenführer Hermann Pister |
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Head Supervisor [of women] (and wife of Karl Otto Koch) Ilse Koch |
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Estimated deaths: | 56,545 Jews, non-Jewish Poles and Slovenes, religious and political prisoners, Roma and Gypsies, Jehova Witnesses, criminals, homosexuals and prisoners of war |
Liberated: | April 11, 1945 by US 9th Armored Infantry Battalion, U.S. 6th Armored Division, US Third Army |
Buchenwald photos
Chelmno (aka Kulmhof)
Location: | Eastern Poland, 37.5 miles from Łódź, Poland’s second largest city |
Original use: | Manorial estate |
Operational: | December 1941 – July 1944 |
Operated by: | German Schutzstaffel (SS) |
Commandants: | SS Hauptsturmführer Herbert Lange |
SS Hauptsturmführer Hans Bothmann |
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SS Untersturmführer Walter Filer - deputy to Bothmann |
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SS Untersturmführer Alois Häfele - oversaw all activities |
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SS Hauptscharführer Albert Richter - division commander |
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SS Hauptscharführer Wilhelm Lenz - chief woods commando |
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SS Hauptscharführer Johann Runge - oversaw the crematoria operations |
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SS Unterscharführer Erich Kretschmer - deputy to Runge |
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SS Hauptscharführer Erwin Burstinger – in charge of keeping the gas vans fueled |
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SS Hauptscharführer Gustav Laabs - driver of the gas vans |
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SS Hauptscharführer Herman Gilow - driver of the gas vans |
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SS Unterscharführer Walter Burmeister - driver of the gas vans |
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SS Rottenführer Wilhelm Gürlich - deputy to Burmeister |
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Estimated deaths: | At least 153,000; mainly Poles and Jews from the Łódź ghetto and the surrounding area, along with Gypsies from Greater Poland and some Hungarian Jews, Czechs and Soviet prisoners of war |
Liberated: | Camp destroyed and evacuated by Nazis in July 1944 as the Soviet Army approached; remaining prisoners transported to Auschwitz |
Chelmno photos
